K. KRISHNAMURTI'S ESSAY SANSKRIT POETICS

                                                          Sanskrit poetics

             1) INTRODUCTION:-

                    K. krishnamurti is doyen of Sanskrit studies in India for last five decades. His essay throws light on critical concepts in Sanskrit poetics. Its comparative study of western aesthetics and Indian aesthetic. This interpreted criticized and commented on T.S. ELIOT criticism. Sanskrit literature criticism is an area of k krishnamorthy who wishes to modernize and westernize criticism. He also strives to revive the main stream native tradition of criticism.

                     Indian student of literature does not have easy access to India’s critical tradition. In these concerns Krishnamorthy has made an effort to bring, the most significant literary thinkers under one roof in Indian tradition. Among his better known works are his editions with commentaries of kuntaka’s vakroktijvita and anandavardhana’s dhvayalka.

         2)     HISTORICAL VIEW:-

                            Sanskrit is the repository of the ancient literary records in the world. One of the traditional names given for the Sanskrit religion and literature is due to. Its poetic verse form.This poetic verse from in Sanskrit is given for recitation, chanting, hymning and preserving the original accents. In Vedic literature, we have words like kaviya, alankara, rase etc. in Vedic literature which becomes key terms of Sanskrit literary criticism. Besides during 800-200 B.C., there was a rise of several intellectual disciplines to help the understanding of the Vedas. Patangali (150 B.C.) testifies to the aesthetic significance of the term rasa when he speaks of the actor in a drama. He also refers a few folk-tales of his times. Two great epics of India the RAMAYANA and the MAHABHARTA are always referred by the Indian traditions to imbibe ideas. These epics are regarded not as models of pure poetry but legendary history as well as ideal ethics perception awareness.

           3) NATYASASTRA:-

                                    Natyasastra is bharata’s encyclopedia on dramaturgy, histrionics, dance and music. It prevents the modes of art performances. It defines the art and analysis them. It revealed the art practices well as art criticism of bharata’s age. The Natyashastra was use in Sanskrit literary through as the bedrock of literary theory. Besides it gives us all the important concepts are rasa-bhava, aucitya, guna, dosa ,alamkara, urtti and the literary genres. In the doming of drama, the norms regarding plot, character, sentiment and style have remained unaltered even after the lapse of so many centuries.

            4)  THE NAMES AND NUTURE OF SANSKRIT POETIC:-

                              In Sanskrit poetics all early writers such as bhamaha (c.600), Dandin (c.700) and vamana(c.750). Udbhata and Rudrata call their treatise by the name Kavyalankara or Kavyalaksana (i.e. beautification of potry). Some earlier names of Sanskrit poetics are known by Kriyakalpa and Kriyavidhi ehich mean’s “rule of poetic art”. However, the designation sahityavidya “ theory of literature” is a later name it emphasizes the perfect concord of sound (saoda) and sense literature. But the latest and most commonly used name is alankara sanstra, science of beautification but also beauty of itself. After anadvardhan , the nature of Sanskrit poetics became current when the poetics adopted the scientific methodology and terminology of close disciplines like grammar, prosody, dramaturgy, erotic, logic and philosophy in the discussion of its basic concepts. Anandvardhana’s original observations paved the way for an age of systematization which celebrate names like kuntaka,mammata, vidyanatha, vishvanatha and jagunnatha. The systematized classics of these authors are studied throughout India. Along with commomentsries on them which restate the light of new considerations.

           5)  LITERARY GENERE:-

                                      Basically, The major geners or kavya forms mentioned by bhamaha are Art epic,darama (athinayarth), prose chromicle( akhyayika), romantic tale(katha), smaller verse- units( single self contained verse (anibaddha). Under kath and small verse sun divisions came to be noted under categories 4 and 5.

                                  

      Kath (tale) divisions are as follows:-

                          a)Upakhayana( episodic story), b) akhayana ( unsung episodic story), c)Nadarsana( didactic bird and beast fable),d) parvathika( story in dialogue),e) Matallika ( satirical story on society), f)manikulya ( story with puzzle) and  g)sakalakatha ( compele story) etc.

                       

  Anibadha ( small verse units) divisions are as follows:-

         a) Muktaka ( self contained stanza), b) sandanitaka ( two run on stanza), c) visesaka ( three run on stanza), d) kalapaka ( four run on stanza), e) kosa ( anthology of verse), f) kulaka( four to fourteen run on stanza), g) samhita ( collection of poems).

                                       

                                              Besides, we have a number of divisions under the head of light literature like vdaharna, cakravala,bhogavali and taravali etc. these related to common elements like plot, character, rasa, style, judgment and critic etc.

                                         

                                  Other manin topic of this essay are theme and technique of plot and constrations, characterization, rasa and bhava, judgement of literature,gradation of beauty in literature, Dhvani, Pratibha, Sahrdaya, Defenc Of Poerty And Criticism And Varokti.

                                          

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